Drew Evans Western Civ Blog

1346- The Plague emerges in magnolia,  passed to humans by a tarabagan, a type of marmot. May 1347- The plague takes full effect with hundreds of corpses covering the streets. October 1347- The plague kills half of the Sicily population. After this, it moves to Messina.  November 1347- The plague arrives in France, quickly killing many citizens. January 1348- A different strain of the plague enters Genova. They are battling a second strand while fighting the first one. April 1348- Massacres started happening, 40 Jews in Provence were murdered. June 1348- The plague enters Europe, spreading around even more. Summer 1348-  The plague enters Paris, where 2 different strands go separate ways. October 1348- After the death of King Edward III's daughter, the plague finally gets to London. February 1349- A massacre happens in  Strasbourg, killing over 2,000 Jews by burning them alive. April 1349- The plague hits Wales, killing 100,000 people. July 1349- An Englis...

Avignon-  city to which the Popes fled when leaving the corruption of Rome in the 14th century. Great Schism-  is the break of communion since the 11th century between the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches. John Wycliffe -  John Wycliffe  was an English Protestant theologian in the 1300s  known  best for his role in translating the Bible into the common language. Jan Hus- Helped reform the Church. bubonic plague-  Bubonic plague  is one of the three types of  plague  caused by bacterium Yersinia pestis. Hundred Years’ War-  The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts in Europe from 1337 to 1453. Joan of Arc-  A national heroine of France, at age 18  Joan of Arc  led the French army to victory over the English at Orléans. 1.  French King Phillip IV moved Pope to Avignon. 2. The  Council of Constance forces both popes to resign. 3.  People question the pope's power. 4.  Fl...

William the Conqueror- A very famous English King. Henry II- A very successful English King. Common-Law-  the part of English law that is derived from custom and judicial precedent rather than statutes. Often contrasted with  statutory law . Magna Carta- A document that limited the kings power. Parliament- British government system. Hugh Capet-  Hugh Capet was the King of the Franks from 987 to 996.   Phillip II- King of Spain that  ruled one of the world's largest empires. Estates-General- the legislative body in the Netherlands, consisting of an upper and a lower house and meeting at The Hague. 1. T his unified control of the land and laid the foundation for a centralized government in England. 2. Introduced a Jury. 3. E stablished royal officials called bailiffs that went out from Paris to every french district to preside over the king's court and collect the king's taxes. 4. The Magna Carta limited the power of the king so he couldn't do whatever he wanted....

Three field system-  one was planted in the autumn with winter wheat or rye; the second  field  was planted with other crops such as peas, lentils, or beans; and the third was left fallow (unplanted). Guild- a    medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power. Commercial Revolution-  consisted of the creation of a European economy based on trade, which began in the 11th century and lasted until it was succeeded by the Industrial  Revolution  in the mid-18th century. Burgher-  a citizen of a town or city, typically a member of the wealthy bourgeoisie. Vernacular-  the language or dialect is spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region. Thomas Aquinas-  Combining the theological principles of faith with the philosophical principles of reason, he ranked among the most influential thinkers of medieval Scholasticism. Scholastics-  a member of a religious order, especially the...

How long were the Crusades between Christians and Muslims fought? 200 years. What is the main reason that the Europeans of the 11 th Century take up the cross and go on the Crusades? Religion For people of the Middle Ages, what is one thing they believe threatens them in all aspects of their life? Sin In 1088, who became the new Pope in Rome? Urban II In 1095, who sent a desperate call for help to the Pope in Rome? Urban II Besides religion, what is one other aspect of the east that draws people to join the Crusade? Promise of riches By decree of the Pope, what would someone gain if he or she took part in the Crusades? Ticket to Heaven What commandment does this decree now allow European knights to ignore? 6th commandment What happened to the residences of the town called Ma'arrat al-Numan ? Many violent acts in the crusades happened. How high were the walls of Jerusalem during this period in history? 30 ft Wh...

Simony-  Selling positions in the Church Gothic-  In the 1100s, a new style of architecture, known as Gothic. Light and airy. Urban II-  Issued the first Crusade. Crusade-  "Holy War". Saladin-  A Kurdish warrior and Muslim leader. Richard the Lion-Hearted- English King that led the Crusades. Reconquista-  Effort from Spain to get rid of Muslims. Inquisition-  A court held by the Christians to suppress heresy. The development of the Canon Law and annual tax collection from each family was very important to the development of the Church. People did things against the church and sold their positions were reasons to reform the church. The first crusade was the only successful one. religious goals gave way to personal and economic wealth. 1. they wanted to return to the old church. 2.  The church had its own court, tax system, and diplomats. 3. They had tons of money to spend on improvements. 4. Muslims threatened to take over. 5.  T...

Clergy-  the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church. Sacrament-  a religious ceremony or ritual regarded as imparting divine grace, such as baptism, the Eucharist Canon Law- ecclesiastical law, especially (in the Roman Catholic Church) that laid down by papal pronouncements. Holy Roman Empire- a  multi-ethnic complex of territories in Western and Central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages. Lay Investiture-  The appointment of religious officials (commonly bishops) by secular subjects. Cause- he wanted to follow Charlamagne's footsteps. Outcome- Otto was crowned emperor. Cause-  Church felt that bishops shouldn't be under the power of the king. Outcome-  Henry IV was excommunicated and German bishops sided with the pope. Cause- Tried to win the pope's forgiveness. Outcome- The pope won victory by humiliating him. Cause-  Gregory & Henry's successors fought over lay invest...

Chivalry-  the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code. Tournament-  was a chivalrous competition or mock fight in the  Middle Ages  and Renaissance. Troubadour-  a French medieval lyric poet composing and singing in Provençal in the 11th to 13th centuries, especially on the theme of courtly love. Education- No time was devoted to education. Weapons- The The saddle kept a warrior firmly seated on a moving horse. Stirrups enabled him to ride and handle heavier weapons. Without stirrups to brace him, a charging warrior was likely to topple off his own horse. War Games-  tournaments-young knights, recreation w combat training where winners demanded ransoms from losers. Code of Chivalry- Q ualities idealized by Medieval knights such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and great gallantry toward women. Castle life-  lived inside castle walls, lord demanded 40 days of combat per year. Romantic Love-  Code of Chiv...