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The Greek City-States

Lo1- Define Polis, Acropolis, demos, monarchy, oligarchy, aristocracy, and tyranny. 
Lo2- Compare the different governments used in ancient Greece
L03- Compare the lifestyles of the 2 main city-states, Athena and Sparta.

 Polis- a city-state in ancient Greece, especially as considered in its ideal form for philosophical purposes.
Acropolis- a citadel or fortified part of an ancient Greek city, typically built on a hill.
Demós- the common people of an ancient Greek state.
Monarchy- a form of government with a monarch at the head.
Oligarchy- a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
Aristocracy- a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
Tyranny- cruel and oppressive government or rule.

 Democracy- Was ruled by the Male citizens (the people)
Monarchy- Ruled by one individual who inherited his role
Oligarchy- Ruled by a select group of individuals
Tyranny- Ruled by someone who got power unconstitutionally
Aristocracy- Nobility by birth, landowner

 Although all of the city-states were extremely different, they all had things in common. All of them had an Acropolis at the highest point of their territory. Each City-State also had a very similar social structure. The aristocracy was at the top, the richest people, they owned land. Underneath the Aristocracy, there was the Demos. The Demos were regular Citizens. Underneath the Demos were hoplites. Hoplites were full-time soldiers. Below the hoplites were slaves.

 Athens and Sparta were pretty different when it came to lifestyle and government. Sparta was ruled by two kings, who ruled until they died or were forced out of office. Athens was ruled by archons, who were elected annually. Athens was a government and Sparta was a strict military state. In both of them, they had the same social structure and women could not be a part of the government.

 Reading Guide
1. Poorly, they were forced to be slaves and they demanded half of their crops
2. Sparta dedicated themselves to making a strong military-state
3. They changed their political system to a democracy
4. He outlawed slavery and made 4 social classes
5. Districts of voting citizens, and a council of 500 chosen at random
6. Persians had light armor and lacked training and Greeks were disciplined and had skillful strategies
7. Many Greek city-states were alienated.

 Democracy is the most important for today because it shaped most of the governments that are functioning now.

 An aristocracy is a rule of noble families, determined usually by lineage and social position, while an oligarchy is the rule of a few people, not necessarily noble, chosen for their wealth, power, and military might.

 Athens benefited from its victory in the Persian Wars by becoming even more powerful and acquiring an empire of sorts through its wartime Delian League, repurposed as an Athenian organization for controlling other city-states and increasing its power.

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