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Early River Valley Civilizations

Lo1- Define Mesopotamia, Sumer, City-State, Cultural Diffusion, Polytheism, Hammurabi
Lo2- Identify the region of Sumer + discuss aspects of Sumerian Culture
Lo3- explain the impacts of the Agricultural Revolution and Sumerian Culture

 Mesopotamia- First significant modern civilization area.
Sumer- The cradle of civilization.
City-State- a city with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
Cultural Diffusion- The spread of different cultures around the world.
Polytheism- a religion that believes in many gods.
Hammurabi- Maker of first laws to govern ancient Mesopotamian Civilizations.
Fertile Crescent- First place people started to farm.

 Sumer is in between the Tigris and Euphrates river in Modern-Day Iraq. Villages in Sumer were built around farming communities in 3000 B.C. heir culture was comprised of a group of city-states, including Eridu, Nippur, Lagash, Kish, Ur and the very first true city, Ur. In this Civilization, it started to where people would worship the god of the occupation they did. If they were a farmer, they would worship the god of sun and water. If they were a Soldier, they would worship the God of War. This would take a long time to change these customs. The Sumerians were the first people to create the 60 minute hour and 60 second minute. Sumerians also made one of the first Lunar Calendars.

 The impact of the Agricultural Revolution is crazy. Without the Agricultural Revolution, people would still be Hunting and Gathering. The Agricultural Revolution was the beginning of Modern-day farming and it made it so people could keep a food inventory and people could do other things than just hunt all day. It also made populations rise because people could eat more and you would almost be guaranteed a meal every day.

Sumerian Culture also has a very big impact on the way people live today. The reasons I stated above are all things Sumerians created and that we still continue to use today.

Some Environmental challenges to Sumerians were unpredictable flooding, no natural barriers, and limited resources.

Sumerians believed their role was to serve the gods.

Hammurabi's code affected crime.

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